Voor mijn scriptie was ik wat door literatuur heen aan het bladeren, en kwam het volgende artikel tegen uit april 2011:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21462757AbstractNew data strongly suggest that the routine practice of administering i.v. fluids in trauma patients before transport to the hospital may do more harm than good. The study's lead author suggests that ED leaders have a strong role to play in changing a decades-old protocol that was implemented without sufficient scientific evidence.
The retrospective study of 776,234 trauma patients found that patients who received pre-hospital i.v. fluids were 11% more likely to die than patients who did not receive fluids. Administration of i.v. fluids delays time to treatment and may exacerbate bleeding by raising blood pressures. There might be specific types of patients who would benefit from pre-hospital i.v. fluids, but the issue requires further study.
Doorzoekend kom je dan bij dit artikel uit:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21178760Prehospital intravenous fluid administration is associated with higher mortality in trauma patients: a National Trauma Data Bank analysis.Haut ER, Kalish BT, Cotton BA, Efron DT, Haider AH, Stevens KA, Kieninger AN, Cornwell EE 3rd, Chang DC.
Source
Division of Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. ehaut1@jhmi.edu
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
Prehospital intravenous (IV) fluid administration is common in trauma patients, although little evidence supports this practice. We hypothesized that trauma patients who received prehospital IV fluids have higher mortality than trauma patients who did not receive IV fluids in the prehospital setting.
METHODS:
We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients from the National Trauma Data Bank. Multiple logistic regression was used with mortality as the primary outcome measure. We compared patients with versus without prehospital IV fluid administration, using patient demographics, mechanism, physiologic and anatomic injury severity, and other prehospital procedures as covariates. Subset analysis was performed based on mechanism (blunt/penetrating), hypotension, immediate surgery, severe head injury, and injury severity score.
RESULTS:
A total of 776,734 patients were studied. Approximately half (49.3%) received prehospital IV. Overall mortality was 4.6%. Unadjusted mortality was significantly higher in patients receiving prehospital IV fluids (4.8% vs. 4.5%, P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that patients receiving IV fluids were significantly more likely to die (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.17). The association was identified in nearly all subsets of trauma patients. It is especially marked in patients with penetrating mechanism (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.08–1.45), hypotension (OR 1.44, 95% CI1.29–1.59), severe head injury (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.17–1.54), and patients undergoing immediate surgery (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.22–1.50).
CONCLUSIONS:
The harm associated with prehospital IV fluid administration is significant for victims of trauma. The routine use of prehospital IV fluid administration for all trauma patients should be discouraged.
Allereerst natuurlijk de vraag of deze setting te vergelijken is met de Nederlandse praktijk. Aangezien behandeling zowel daar als hier op de PHTLS/ATLS is gebaseerd, lijkt mij de behandeling ongeveer gelijk.
Over de vaardigheden van EMT's ivm ambulanceverpleegkundigen durf ik geen uitspraken te doen.
Een mortaliteitsstijging van 11% is zelfs op 4,5% aanzienlijk te noemen, dit zou qua verkeersslachtoffers er ongeveer 45 per jaar schelen in Nederland (460 verkeersdoden in 2010), maar er zijn uiteraard veel meer soorten trauma patienten.
Nu noemt dit artikel geen alternatieven zoals acceptabele waarden voor permissive hypotension, maar wat denken jullie er van?